A tree is a perennial woody plant that grows above ground and sends its roots deep underground. Trees have three types of branches: primary, lateral, and terminal. Primary branches originate directly below the trunk, while lateral branches arise at any point along the length of the stem. Terminal branches occur at the end of the stem and bear fruits or seeds.
Trees are classified based on their height, shape, and size. A tree may be either broad-leaved or needle-leaved. Broad-leaved trees have broad leaves arranged in opposite pairs. Needle-leaved trees have narrow leaves arranged in clusters of threes. Trees are further divided into deciduous and coniferous species. Deciduous trees lose their foliage annually. Coniferous trees retain their foliage year round.
The tallest tree on Earth is the redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), which reaches heights of over 300 meters (984 feet). Other notable examples of giant trees include the baobab (Adansonia digitata) and the coast redwood (Sequoiadendron giganteum).
